Seal structure and rotating machine equipped therewith

ABSTRACT

Provided is a seal structure, which includes fins configured to protrude from an outer circumferential surface of a rotor in a circumferential direction, and stator blades having an abradable coating formed on an inner circumferential surface of an inner shroud so as to face the fins. The inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud is formed in an uneven shape, and the abradable coating is formed along the uneven shape.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a seal structure and a rotating machine equipped therewith.

This application claims priority to and the benefits of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-023071 filed on Feb. 6, 2012, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND ART

In general, in rotating machines such as steam turbines and gas turbines, an amount of leakage of fluid is reduced to the utmost by minimizing a clearance between a rotor and a stationary side member such as a stator blade around the rotor, which is important from the viewpoint of improving the performance of the rotating machine.

Thus, a seal structure equipped with fins, which protrudes from an outer circumferential surface of a rotor in a circumferential direction, and a seal member, in which an abradable material having high cuttability is thermally sprayed on places of a stationary side member which are opposite to the fins, is employed (see Patent Document 1 below). In this seal structure, during rotation of the rotor, even when the rotor and the stationary side member are brought into contact with each other, the abradable material is cut out. Thereby, the generation of heat can be reduced at a contact place so as to maintain the performance of the rotating machine.

Here, the seal member is an annular member extending in the circumferential direction, and is formed with an abradable coating on an inner circumferential surface thereof which is formed by thermally spraying the abradable material.

RELATED ART DOCUMENTS Patent Documents

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. 2009-174655

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

However, in the seal structure set forth in Patent Document 1 above, since the seal member needs to be provided, there are problems in that labor is consumed in view of manufacturing, and in that a machining cost is increased to lead to an increase in cost.

On the other hand, technology of omitting the seal member and directly thermally spraying the abradable member on the stationary side member is taken into consideration.

Here, during rotation of the rotor, since a shear force occurs between inner shrouds of neighboring stator blades in a shaft direction, the abradable material should bear the shear force. However, since the abradable material has high cuttability, the abradable material that is just thermally sprayed directly on the stator blade is damaged by the shear force, and furthermore there is a possibility of peeling off of the abradable material from the stator blade. As such, it is not possible to simply use only thermal spraying.

The present invention has been made in consideration of these circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a seal structure capable of preventing an abradable material from peeling off even when damage is caused to the abradable material.

Means for Solving the Problems

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a seal structure, which includes a fin configured to protrude from an outer circumferential surface of a rotor in a circumferential direction, and a stator blade having an abradable coating formed on an inner circumferential surface of an inner shroud so as to face the fins. The inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud is formed in an uneven shape, and the abradable coating is formed along the uneven shape.

In this seal structure, the abradable coating is formed along the uneven shape, and an abradable material enters and is hardened and deposited in the uneven shape portion. As such, the bonding area can be increased, and the abradable coating can be strongly bonded. Accordingly, even when the abradable coating is damaged, the abradable coating can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade because the abradable coating is strongly bonded.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the uneven shape may be configured by a concave portion formed from one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and an outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating toward an interior thereof.

In this seal structure, the uneven shape is formed by, for instance, the concave portion formed from the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud toward the interior thereof. Accordingly, since the abradable coating enters the concave portion, the bonding force can be reliably improved. Thus, even when the abradable coating is damaged, the abradable coating can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave portion may be formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction.

In this seal structure, the bonding force of the abradable coating can be improved throughout the circumferential direction. Accordingly, even when the abradable coating is damaged, the abradable coating can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave portion may be formed so as to extend in an axial direction of the rotor.

In this seal structure, the bonding force of the abradable coating can be improved throughout the axial direction. Accordingly, even when the abradable coating is damaged, the abradable coating can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave portion may be formed on a boundary line between the inner shrouds adjacent in the circumferential direction.

In this seal structure, the concave portion is capable of being formed on the boundary line between the neighboring inner shrouds, and the abradable coating is capable of entering the concave portion. Accordingly, when a shear force occurs between the inner shrouds adjacent to the boundary line, the shear force can be reduced according to the amount of the abradable coating that enters the concave portion. As such, the deformation caused by the distortion of the stator blades can be prevented.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating may be formed with a second concave portion so as to be opposite to the concave portion formed in the other of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating, and the seal structure may include a pin member inserted between the concave portion and the second concave portion.

In this seal structure, for example, when the concave portion is formed on the side of the inner shroud, an axial displacement of the inner shroud can be reduced by fitting and bonding of the concave portion and the pin member. Further, the bonding force of the abradable coating can be improved by bonding of the second concave portion and the pin member.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave portion may be formed so that a width thereof in a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof gradually widens from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating toward a bottom thereof.

In this seal structure, the bonding area of the abradable coating can be increased. Further, when force is applied to the abradable coating in a separating direction, a resistance force is applied to an inclined surface of the abradable coating which corresponds to a surface formed toward the bottom of the concave portion. As such, the abradable coating can be more strongly bonded. Accordingly, even when the abradable coating is damaged, the abradable coating can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade because the abradable coating is strongly bonded.

In the seal structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave portion may be formed in an arcuate shape in which a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof swells from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating.

In this seal structure, since the bonding area of the abradable coating can be increased, the bonding force can be improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotating machine having any one of the foregoing seal structures.

According to this configuration, since the rotating machine is equipped with any one of the foregoing seal structures, a desired seal function can be exerted, and the abradable coating is can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade even when the abradable coating is damaged.

Effects of the Invention

According to the aforementioned seal structure and the rotating machine equipped therewith, the abradable coating enters and is hardened and deposited in the uneven shape portion. Thereby, the abradable coating can be strongly bonded. For this reason, even when the abradable coating is damaged, the abradable coating can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gas turbine (rotating machine) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a seal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y-Y of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y-Y of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y-Y of FIG. 1 and showing a stator blade that is a constituent member of a seal structure according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the stator blade that is the constituent member of the seal structure according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION First Embodiment

Hereinafter, a rotating machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. A gas turbine (rotating machine) 1 is equipped with a compressor 2 producing compressed air, a combustor 3 mixing fuel with the compressed air produced by the compressor 2 and burning the mixture to produce a combustion gas M, and a turbine 4 rotatably driven using the combustion gas M produced by the combustor 3 as a working fluid.

A rotor 5 is inserted into the compressor 2 and the turbine 4. The compressor 2 includes a compressor casing 2 a into which the rotor 5 is inserted, compressor rotor blades 2 b rotatable along with the rotor 5, and compressor stator blades 2 c fixed to the compressor casing 2 a. The plurality of compressor rotor blades 2 b and the plurality of compressor stator blades 2 c are radially installed in a circumferential direction R. The compressor rotor blades 2 b and the compressor stator blades 2 c are alternately installed in a shaft direction (axial direction) P, and are each installed in multiple stages, each of which is made up of the plurality of blades installed in the circumferential direction R. Thus, the suctioned air is flown between the compressor stator blades 2 c, and is repetitively compressed by rotation of the compressor rotor blades 2 b downstream therefrom. Thereby, the compressed air is produced.

Further, the turbine 4 includes a turbine casing 10 into which the rotor 5 is inserted, turbine rotor blades 20 rotatable along with the rotor 5, and turbine stator blades (stator blades) 30 fixed to the turbine casing 10. The plurality of turbine rotor blades 20 and the plurality of turbine stator blades 30 extend in a radial direction Q, and are radially installed in the circumferential direction R. Further, the turbine rotor blades 20 and the turbine stator blades 30 are alternately installed in the shaft direction P, and are each installed in multiple stages, each of which is made up of the plurality of blades installed in the circumferential direction R. Thus, the combustion gas M, which is the working fluid introduced from the combustor 3, is flown between the turbine stator blades 30, and repetitively rotates the turbine rotor blades 20 downstream therefrom. Thereby, the rotor 5 to which the turbine rotor blades 20 are fixed is torqued and rotated.

Further, a plurality of seal structures 7 for preventing the combustion gas M from leaking from a high pressure side to a low pressure side are installed in the shaft direction P. Hereinafter, the seal structures 7 will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 2, each seal structure 7 is equipped with a plurality of fins 40 protruding from an outer circumferential surface of the rotor 5, and the turbine stator blades 30.

The plurality of fins 40 protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 5 in the circumferential direction R, and are disposed at intervals in the shaft direction P. Further, each fin 40 is configured so that the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 5 is set as a proximal end 40 a, and so that a distal end 40 b is formed such that a width thereof narrows from the proximal end 40 a toward the turbine stator blades 30. In this way, the plurality of fins 40, 40 . . . are configured so that the proximal ends 40 a and the distal ends 40 b of any fin 40 and the proximal ends 40 a and the distal ends 40 b of the neighboring fin 40 are alternately arranged in the shaft direction P.

The turbine stator blade 30 includes an inner shroud 50 installed on the side of the rotor 5, an abradable coating 60 formed on the inner shroud 50, a blade body 70 extending from the inner shroud 50 in a radial direction, and an outer shroud 80 installed on an end of the blade body 70.

The inner shroud 50 is called a Z-patterned shroud in which a Z pattern is made when viewed from the inner side in the radial direction Q. Further, the inner shroud 50 has the Z pattern so as to suppress leakage of a high-temperature gas between itself and its neighboring inner shroud 50 and to prevent distortion of the blade body 70.

Further, the inner shroud 50 is disposed in the shaft direction P, and is disposed in contact with the inner shroud 50 adjacent in the circumferential direction R.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, an inner circumferential surface 50 a of the inner shroud 50 is formed in an uneven shape. In the present embodiment, a concave portion 51 is formed from the inner circumferential surface 50 a of the inner shroud 50 toward an interior of the inner shroud 50, that is, toward an outer side in the radial direction Q, so that the concave portion 51 extends in the circumferential direction R.

The concave portion 51 has a shroud-side base 51 a, a pair of shroud-side walls 51 b formed from the inner circumferential surface 50 a at approximately a right angle, and a shroud-side bottom 51 c connecting the pair of shroud-side walls 51 b and is formed at approximately a right angle with respect to the shroud-side walls 51 b.

Further, the abradable coating 60 is formed on the inner circumferential surface 50 a of the inner shroud 50 so as to be opposite to the fins 40 (see FIG. 2) in such a way that, in the present embodiment, an abradable material is thermally sprayed. In addition, the abradable coating 60 is formed along the uneven shape. In the present embodiment, the abradable coating 60 has a convex portion 61 formed from the shroud-side base 51 a to the shroud-side bottom 51 c of the concave portion 51 by thermal spraying.

The convex portion 61 protrudes from an outer circumferential surface 60 a of the abradable coating 60 toward the interior of the inner shroud 50, and has an abradable-side base 61 a, a pair of abradable-side walls 61 b formed from the outer circumferential surface 60 a at approximately a right angle, and an abradable-side top 61 c connecting the pair of abradable-side walls 61 b.

Further, the shroud-side base 51 a of the concave portion 51 and the abradable-side base 61 a of the convex portion 61 are bonded to each other. The shroud-side walls 51 b of the concave portion 51 and the abradable-side walls 61 b of the convex portion 61 are bonded to each other. The shroud-side bottom 51 c of the concave portion 51 and the abradable-side top 61 c of the convex portion 61 are bonded to each other.

As the abradable material, for example, a nickel-based alloy may be employed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the blade body 70 is formed by a pressure side surface 71 constituting a pressure side and a suction side surface 72 constituting a suction side.

The pressure side surface 71 is curved so as to swell toward the suction side surface 72, and the suction side surface 72 is curved so as to swell toward the same side as the pressure side surface 71.

The outer shroud 80 is disposed in contact with the other outer shroud 80 adjacent in the shaft direction P and in the circumferential direction R.

In the gas turbine 1 having the seal structure 7 configured in this way, since the abradable material as the convex portion 61 enters and is hardened and deposited in the concave portion 51 formed in the inner shroud 50, a bonding area on which the inner shroud 50 and the abradable coating 60 are bonded is increased. Accordingly, as the bonding area increases, the inner shroud 50 and the abradable coating 60 are strongly bonded. Furthermore, since the concave portion 51 is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction R, a bonding force between the inner shroud 50 and the abradable coating 60 can be improved throughout the circumferential direction R. Thus, for example, although the abradable coating 60 is damaged when the gas turbine 1 is operated, the abradable coating 60 can be prevented from being peeled off of the inner shroud 50.

Further, in the present embodiment, the abradable material can be directly formed on the inner shroud 50. Accordingly, in comparison with a conventional structure in which the abradable material is thermally sprayed onto the seal member installed on the inner shroud 50, the distance between the rotor 5 and the turbine stator blades 30 can be reduced with the amount in which the seal member is not required. Thus, the installation of the turbine 4, and ultimately, of the entire gas turbine 1 can be made small.

Second Embodiment

Hereinafter, a gas turbine 201 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 4.

In this embodiment, members common with the members used in the aforementioned embodiment will be denoted by the same numerals and symbols, and a description thereof will be omitted here.

In the seal structure 7 of the first embodiment, the pair of shroud-side walls 51 b of the concave portion 51 formed in the inner shroud 50 are formed at approximately a right angle with respect to the shroud-side base 51 a. In contrast, in a seal structure 207 of the present embodiment, a shroud-side wall 251 b is formed at approximately a right angle with respect to a shroud-side base 251 a, whereas a shroud-side wall 251 d is formed at an acute angle with respect to the shroud-side base 251 a.

That is, a concave portion 251 of an inner shroud 250 is formed so that a width of a cross section thereof perpendicular to an extending direction (circumferential direction R) of the concave portion 251 widens from an inner circumferential surface 250 a of the inner shroud 250 toward a shroud-side bottom 251 c of the concave portion 251. In the present embodiment, the shroud-side wall 251 b is formed at approximately a right angle with respect to a shroud-side base 251 a, whereas the shroud-side wall 251 d is formed farther from the opposite shroud-side wall 251 b as it is closer to the shroud-side bottom 251 c. In this way, in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction (circumferential direction R) of the concave portion 251, the width 261 f of the shroud-side bottom 251 c of the concave portion 251 is wider than the width 261 e of the shroud-side base 251 a of the concave portion 251.

Further, a convex portion 261 of an abradable coating 260 has a shape corresponding to the concave portion 251, and is configured so that an abradable-side wall 261 d is formed farther from an abradable-side wall 261 b as it is closer to an abradable-side top 261 c.

In the gas turbine 201 having the seal structure 207 configured in this way, since the shroud-side wall 251 d and the abradable-side wall 261 d are formed at an angle, a bonding area on which the inner shroud 250 and the abradable coating 260 are bonded can be further increased. Further, when force is applied to the abradable coating 260 toward an inner side in a radial direction Q that is a separating direction, a resistant force is applied to the abradable-side wall 261 d toward an outer side in the radial direction Q so as to prevent the separation. Accordingly, since the inner shroud 250 and the abradable coating 260 can be more strongly bonded, even when the abradable coating 260 is damaged, the abradable coating 260 can be prevented from peeling off of the inner shroud 250.

Third Embodiment

Hereinafter, a gas turbine 301 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 5.

In this embodiment, members common with the members used in the aforementioned embodiment will be denoted by the same numerals and symbols, and a description thereof will be omitted here.

In the seal structure 207 of the second embodiment, the shroud-side wall 251 b is formed at approximately a right angle with respect to the shroud-side base 251 a, and the shroud-side wall 251 d is formed at an acute angle with respect to the shroud-side base 251 a. In contrast, in a seal structure 307 of the present embodiment, a shroud-side wall 351 b is formed at an acute angle with respect to a shroud-side base 351 a along with a shroud-side wall 351 d.

That is, a concave portion 351 of an inner shroud 350 is formed so that a width of a cross section thereof perpendicular to an extending direction (circumferential direction R) of the concave portion 351 widens from an inner circumferential surface 350 a of the inner shroud 350 toward a shroud-side bottom 351 c of the concave portion 351. In the present embodiment, the shroud-side walls 351 b and 351 d are formed farther from each other as it is closer to the shroud-side bottom 351 c. In this way, in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction (circumferential direction R) of the concave portion 351, the width 361 f of the shroud-side bottom 351 c of the concave portion 351 is wider than the width 361 e of the shroud-side base 351 a of the concave portion 351.

Further, a convex portion 361 of an abradable coating 360 has a shape corresponding to the concave portion 351, and abradable-side walls 361 b and 361 d are formed farther from each other as it is closer to an abradable-side top 361 c.

In the gas turbine 301 having the seal structure 307 configured in this way, since the shroud-side walls 351 b and 351 d and the abradable-side walls 361 b and 361 d are formed at an angle, a bonding area on which the inner shroud 350 and the abradable coating 360 are bonded can be further increased. Further, when force is applied to the abradable coating 360 toward an inner side in a radial direction Q that is a separating direction, a resistant force is applied to the abradable-side walls 361 b and 361 d toward an outer side in the radial direction Q so as to prevent the separation simultaneously. Accordingly, since the inner shroud 350 and the abradable coating 360 can be even more strongly bonded, even when the abradable coating 360 is damaged, the abradable coating 360 can be prevented from peeling off of the inner shroud 350.

Fourth Embodiment

Hereinafter, a gas turbine 401 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 6.

In this embodiment, members common with the members used in the aforementioned embodiment will be denoted by the same numerals and symbols, and a description thereof will be omitted here.

In the concave portion 51 of the inner shroud 50 in the seal structure 7 of the first embodiment, the shroud-side base 51 a and the shroud-side walls 51 b are approximately perpendicular to each other, and the shroud-side walls 51 b and the shroud-side bottom 51 c are approximately perpendicular to each other as well. In contrast, a concave portion 451 in a seal structure 407 of the present embodiment is formed so that a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction (circumferential direction R) of the concave portion 451 has an arcuate shape so as to swell from an inner circumferential surface 450 a of an inner shroud 450.

That is, the concave portion 451 of the inner shroud 450 has a semi-circular shape in which it swells from the inner circumferential surface 450 a toward an interior of the inner shroud 450.

Further, a convex portion 461 of an abradable coating 460 has a shape corresponding to the concave portion 451, and has a semi-circular shape in which it swells outward from an outer circumferential surface 460 a.

Even in the gas turbine 401 having the seal structure 407 configured in this way, since a bonding area on which the inner shroud 450 and the abradable coating 460 are bonded can be increased, the inner shroud 450 and the abradable coating 460 can be strongly bonded.

Fifth Embodiment

Hereinafter, a gas turbine 501 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 7.

In this embodiment, members common with the members used in the aforementioned embodiment will be denoted by the same numerals and symbols, and a description thereof will be omitted here.

In the seal structure 7 of the first embodiment, the concave portion 51 is formed from the side of the inner circumferential surface 50 a of the inner shroud 50 toward the interior of the inner shroud 50. In contrast, in a seal structure 507 of the present embodiment, a concave portion 561 is formed from an outer circumferential surface 560 a of an abradable coating 560 toward an interior of the abradable coating 560.

That is, the concave portion 561 includes an abradable-side base 561 a, a pair of abradable-side walls 561 b formed from the outer circumferential surface 560 a at approximately a right angle, and an abradable-side bottom 561 c connecting the pair of abradable-side walls 561 b and formed at approximately a right angle to the abradable-side walls 561 b.

Further, a convex portion 551 has a shape corresponding to the concave portion 561, protrudes from an inner circumferential surface 550 a of an inner shroud 550 toward the interior of the abradable coating 560, and includes an inner-shroud base 551 a, a pair of shroud-side walls 551 b formed from the inner circumferential surface 550 a at approximately a right angle, and a shroud-side top 551 c connecting the pair of shroud-side walls 551 b.

Even in the gas turbine 501 having the seal structure 507 configured in this way, since a bonding area where the inner shroud 550 and the abradable coating 560 are bonded can be increased, the inner shroud 550 and the abradable coating 560 can be strongly bonded.

Further, since any one of the inner shroud 550 and the abradable coating 560 may be selectively provided with a concave portion and the other may be provided with a convex portion, a degree of freedom of design is widened.

Sixth Embodiment

Hereinafter, a gas turbine 601 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 8.

In this embodiment, members common with the members used in the aforementioned embodiment will be denoted by the same numerals and symbols, and a description thereof will be omitted here.

In the seal structure 7 of the first embodiment, the concave portion 51 is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction R. In contrast, in a seal structure 607 of the present embodiment, a concave portion 651 is formed so as to extend in the shaft direction P.

That is, the plurality of concave portions 651 are located in the radial direction Q inside respective boundary lines 654 between inner shrouds 650, 650 . . . adjacent in the circumferential direction R, follow the shaft direction P, and are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction R.

Further, an abradable coating 660 enters the concave portions 651 to be formed as convex portions 661.

In the gas turbine 601 having the seal structure 607 configured in this way, since each concave portions 651 is formed so as to extend in the shaft direction P, a bonding force between the inner shroud 650 and the abradable coating 660 can be improved throughout the shaft direction P.

Further, on the boundary lines 654 between the neighboring inner shrouds 650, 650 . . . , shear forces between the inner shrouds 650, 650 . . . occur. However, the shear force can be reduced according to the amount of the abradable coating 660 which forms the convex portions 661 that enters the concave portions 651. Accordingly, deformation caused by distortion of the turbine stator blades 630 can be prevented, and stability of the gas turbine 601 itself can be improved.

Seventh Embodiment

Hereinafter, a gas turbine 701 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 9.

In this embodiment, members common with the members used in the aforementioned embodiment will be denoted by the same numerals and symbols, and a description thereof will be omitted here.

In the seal structure 607 of the sixth embodiment, the concave portions 651 are formed in the radial direction Q inside the boundary lines 654 between the inner shrouds 650, 650 . . . adjacent in the circumferential direction R. In contrast, in a seal structure 707 of the present embodiment, concave portions 751 are formed within dimensions of the shaft direction P of respective inner shrouds 750.

That is, the plurality of concave portions 751 are located approximately in the middle of the dimensions of the shaft direction P of the inner shrouds 750, follow the shaft direction P, and are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction R.

In the gas turbine 701 having the seal structure 707 configured in this way, since the concave portions 751 are formed so as to extend in the shaft direction P, a bonding force between the inner shroud 750 and the abradable coating 760 can be improved throughout the shaft direction P.

Eighth Embodiment

Hereinafter, a gas turbine 801 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 10 and 11.

Here, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y-Y of FIG. 1 in a seal structure 807 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view in which portions of inner shrouds 850 of the seal structure 807 are cut out.

In this embodiment, members common with the members used in the aforementioned embodiment will be denoted by the same numerals and symbols, and a description thereof will be omitted here.

In the seal structure 607 of the sixth embodiment, the concave portions 651 are configured only by being merely formed from the inner circumferential surfaces 650 a of the inner shrouds 650 toward the interiors of the inner shrouds 650. In contrast, in the seal structure 807 of the present embodiment, each concave portion is made up of a concave portion 851 formed from an inner circumferential surface 850 a of one of the inner shrouds 850 toward an interior of the inner shroud 850 and a second concave portion 862 facing the concave portion 851 and formed from an outer circumferential surface 860 a of an abradable coating 860 toward an interior of the abradable coating 860. Further, a pin member 890 is inserted between the concave portion 851 and the second concave portion 862.

That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the plurality of concave portions 851 are formed in the radial direction Q inside boundary lines 854 between the inner shrouds 850, 850 . . . adjacent in the circumferential direction R, and from the inner circumferential surfaces 850 a of the inner shrouds 850 toward the interiors of the inner shrouds 850 at intervals in the circumferential direction R. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the concave portions 851 are formed at two spots for each inner shroud 850 and are spaced apart from each other in the shaft direction P.

This numerical value is an example, and the number of spots is not limited to this numerical value, and three or more spots may be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the plurality of second concave portions 862 are formed in the radial direction Q inside boundary lines 854 between the inner shrouds 850 and 850 adjacent in the circumferential direction R, and from the outer circumferential surface 860 a of the abradable coating 860 toward the interior of the abradable coating 860 at intervals in the circumferential direction R. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the second concave portions 862 are formed at two spots for each inner shroud 850 and are spaced apart from each other in the shaft direction P.

Further, the pin member 890 is a rod-like member, and is configured so that one end 890 a thereof is disposed at a shroud-side bottom 851 c of the concave portion 851 and so that the other end 890 b thereof is disposed at an abradable-side bottom 861 c of the second concave portion 862.

Further, as a method of manufacturing the seal structure 807, the pin members 890 are inserted into the concave portions 851 of the inner shroud 850, and an abradable material is thermally sprayed to fix the pin members 890 in the concave portions 851 and to form the abradable coating 860.

In the gas turbine 801 having the seal structure 807 in this way, the pin member 890 can strongly couple the neighboring inner shrouds 850, 850 . . . in the circumferential direction R, and reduce displacement in the shaft direction P.

Further, when the abradable material is thermally sprayed, since the side of the other end 890 b of the pin member 890 protrudes, the abradable material can be deposited well to form the abradable coating 860. Accordingly, the inner shrouds 850 and the abradable coating 860 can be strongly bonded via the pin members 890.

All the shapes and combinations of each constituent member shown in the aforementioned embodiments are given as an example, and thus may be variously modified based on design requirements without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Further, in the above embodiments, as an example of the rotating machine, the gas turbine has been described. However, the present invention may be also applied to other rotating machines such as a steam turbine.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

According to the aforementioned seal structure and the rotating machine equipped therewith, the abradable coating enters and is hardened and deposited in the uneven shape portions. Thereby, the abradable coating can be strongly bonded. For this reason, even when the abradable coating is damaged, the abradable coating can be prevented from being separated from the stator blade.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

1, 201, 301, 401, 501, 601, 701, 801: gas turbine (rotating machine)

5: rotor

7, 207, 307, 407, 507, 607, 707, 807: seal structure

30: turbine stator blade (stator blade)

40: fin

50, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650, 750, 850: inner shroud

50 a, 250 a, 350 a, 550 a, 650 a, 850 a: inner circumferential surface

51, 251, 351, 451, 561, 651, 751, 851: concave portion

60, 260, 360, 460, 560, 660, 760, 860: abradable coating

60 a, 260 a, 360 a, 560 a, 860 a: outer circumferential surface

654, 854: boundary line

R: circumferential direction 

1. A seal structure comprising: a fin configured to protrude from an outer circumferential surface of a rotor in a circumferential direction; and a stator blade having an abradable coating formed on an inner circumferential surface of an inner shroud so as to face the fins, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud is formed in an uneven shape, and the abradable coating is formed along the uneven shape.
 2. The seal structure according to claim 1, wherein the uneven shape is configured by a concave portion formed from one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and an outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating toward an interior thereof.
 3. The seal structure according to claim 2, wherein the concave portion is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction.
 4. The seal structure according to claim 2, wherein the concave portion is formed so as to extend in an axial direction of the rotor.
 5. The seal structure according to claim 3, wherein the concave portion is formed on a boundary line between the inner shrouds adjacent in the circumferential direction.
 6. The seal structure according to claim 4, wherein: the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating is formed with a second concave portion so as to be opposite to the concave portion formed in the other of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating; and the seal structure includes a pin member inserted between the concave portion and the second concave portion.
 7. The seal structure according to claim 3, wherein the concave portion is formed so that a width thereof in a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof gradually widens from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating toward a bottom thereof.
 8. The seal structure according to claim 4, wherein the concave portion is formed so that a width thereof in a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof gradually widens from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating toward a bottom thereof.
 9. The seal structure according to claim 5, wherein the concave portion is formed so that a width thereof in a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof gradually widens from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating toward a bottom thereof.
 10. The seal structure according to claim 2, wherein the concave portion is formed in an arcuate shape in which a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof swells from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating.
 11. The seal structure according to claim 3, wherein the concave portion is formed in an arcuate shape in which a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof swells from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating.
 12. The seal structure according to claim 4, wherein the concave portion is formed in an arcuate shape in which a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof swells from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating.
 13. The seal structure according to claim 5, wherein the concave portion is formed in an arcuate shape in which a cross section perpendicular to an extending direction thereof swells from the one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner shroud and the outer circumferential surface of the abradable coating.
 14. A rotating machine having the seal structure according to claim
 1. 15. A rotating machine having the seal structure according to claim
 2. 16. A rotating machine having the seal structure according to claim
 3. 17. A rotating machine having the seal structure according to claim
 4. 18. A rotating machine having the seal structure according to claim
 5. 19. A rotating machine having the seal structure according to claim
 6. 20. A rotating machine having the seal structure according to claim
 7. 